Mechanical impact induces cartilage degradation via mitogen activated protein kinases

Editorial: Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases

Isoflurane preconditioning induces neuroprotection against ischemia via activation of P38 mitogen-activated protein kinases.

A brief exposure to the volatile anesthetic isoflurane (preconditioning) induces ischemic tolerance in rat brain. However, whether isoflurane preconditioning improves long-term neurological outcome after brain ischemia and the mechanisms for this neuroprotection are not known. Here, we report that isoflurane preconditioning (2% isoflurane for 30 min at 24 h before brain ischemia) reduced brain ...

"Stress-responsive" mitogen-activated protein kinases (c-Jun N-terminal kinases and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases) in the myocardium.

Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascades: Terminology and Properties The best-characterized subfamilies of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) superfamily are the extracellularly responsive kinases (ERKs) and the two “stress-responsive” MAPK subfamilies, namely, the c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) and the p38-MAPKs. As yet, no single nomenclature has been determined, and the synonyms c...

Mitogen-activated protein kinases and retinal ischemia.

PURPOSE Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), consisting of three major enzymes-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38, and c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-couple cell-surface receptors to critical regulatory targets and gene transcription. We hypothesized that MAPKs are differentially expressed and have distinct functions after retinal ischemia. METHODS Rats were subjected to re...

Mitogen-activated Protein Kinases in Inflammation

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) play critical regulatory roles in the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines and downstream signaling events which lead to inflammation. Inflammation is a primarily localized and protective response of host against microbial infection. Controlled inflammation is beneficial and necessary for host defense while uncontrolled inflammatory response res...